Ben M. Bogard

Home / Browse / Bogard, Benjamin Marcus Benjamin Marcus Bogard (1868–1951) Benjamin Marcus Bogard, founder and head of the American Baptist Association, was Arkansas’s leading fundamentalist Christian in the 1920s. In 1928, his efforts resulted in a law banning the teaching of evolution in Arkansas public schools; it remained in place until 1968, when the U.S. Supreme Court overturned it. Bogard was born on March 9, 1868, in Hardin County, Kentucky. He was the only son of tobacco tenant farmers M. L. and Nancy Bogard; the couple also had five daughters. In 1873, the Bogards moved to Caseyville, Kentucky, where Bogard attended school, Woodland Baptist Church, and evangelical camp meetings. In February 1885, he was baptized in an ice-covered pond during a church service. In 1887 and 1888, he attended Georgetown College in Kentucky. In 1887, he was ordained as a Baptist minister and began a two-year education at Bethel College in Russellville, Kentucky; sources do not indicate whether he graduated. In 1891, he married Lynn Oneida Meacham Owen, a widow with a daughter. They had a son, Douglas. From 1892 to 1898, Bogard served as pastor of several churches in Kentucky and Missouri. In 1901, he received an honorary doctor of divinity degree from Southwest Bible College in Bolivar, Missouri. Later, he received an honorary doctor of law degree from Missionary Baptist College in Sheridan (Grant County). In 1895, Bogard met John Newton Hall of Fulton, Kentucky, a leader of the Landmark Baptist movement, which emphasized certain “landmarks” in the Bible, including a literal interpretation. Bogard embraced the Landmark faith, defending it through public debates and writing. In 1901, he became half-owner and editor of the Arkansas Baptist, gaining full editorial control in 1904. He left the Southern Baptist Convention in 1905 and later formed the American Baptist Association, commonly called Missionary Baptists. Bogard came to Arkansas in 1899 as pastor of First Baptist Church in Searcy (White County), serving until November 1903. At various times from December 1903 to 1909, he was pastor of First Baptist Church in Argenta, now North Little Rock (Pulaski County). Then he became an itinerant minister, conducting evangelical revivals in seven states. He moved to Texarkana (Miller County) in 1914 and founded the Baptist Commoner, which merged with the Arkansas Baptist in 1917 to form the Baptist and Commoner. In 1920, he became pastor of Antioch Missionary Baptist Church in Little Rock (Pulaski County), where he remained until he retired in 1947. In the 1920s, Bogard was a member of the nativist and anti-Catholic Ku Klux Klan. He joined other fundamentalist Christians in attacking the theory of evolution as the cause of moral decline in the country. In 1926, he and Doss Nathan (D. N.) Jackson wrote Evolution: Unscientific and Unscriptural, which linked evolution, atheism, and Bolshevism to moral decline. When the state Senate tabled an anti-evolution bill in 1927, Bogard organized a petition drive that resulted in the measure’s being placed on the November 1928 ballot as Initiated Act 1. Over several months, Bogard waged a no-holds-barred war with the act’s opponents. A bizarre campaign included his defense of the right to free speech of Charles Smith, president of the American Association for the Advancement of Atheism and an opponent of the act; Little Rock (Pulaski County) police had arrested Smith as a public nuisance. A former Arkansan headquartered in New York City, Smith had been scheduled to debate national fundamentalist leader William Bell Riley of Minnesota. Bogard welcomed the atheist’s presence because it linked atheism and evolution. He believed in the marketplace of ideas and was confident that the best idea—in his mind, a literal understanding of biblical creation—would triumph. Voters passed the anti-evolution act by a two-to-one margin. Also in 1928, Bogard joined other conservative Protestant ministers to form the Anti-Smith Democrats, opposing Catholic Democratic presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith of New York. Bogard warned that Smith would overturn Prohibition and make the United States subject to the pope, resulting in the bloody suppression of American Protestants. He also said Smith would impose “Negro equality” on the segregated South. Nevertheless, Smith, whose running mate was Senator Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas, received a majority of votes in the state despite losing the election. Bogard resigned as editor of the Baptist and Commoner in 1931 after a dispute with its owner. In 1934, he started the Orthodox Baptist Searchlight newspaper and founded Missionary Baptist Seminary in Little Rock. In 1937, the Missionary Baptist Sunday School Committee reported a deficit. Bogard mounted a decade-long campaign against the committee’s chairman, the father-in-law of former collaborator D. N. Jackson, who in 1950 left the denomination. Bogard died on May 29, 1951, at his home in Little Rock. He is buried at Roselawn Cemetery. A prolific author and a pioneer of radio evangelism, he was honored by Ripley’s Believe it or Not for preaching “every Sunday for 61 years without missing a single Sunday.” For additional information:Barber, Christopher Bart. “The Bogard Schism: An Arkansas Baptist Agrarian Revolt.” PhD dissertation, Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2006. Foreman, L. D., and Alta Payne, eds. The Life and Works of Benjamin Marcus Bogard. Little Rock: Foreman and Payne, 1966. Lewis, Todd E. “Ben Bogard and the Crusade against Evolution, Rum and Romanism in Arkansas, 1926–1928.” MA thesis, University of Arkansas, 1989.  Pratt, J. Kristian. The Father of Modern Landmarkism: The Life of Ben M. Bogard. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 2013. Todd E. Lewis University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Last Updated 10/22/2014

Calvinism heresy

1. TOTAL
DEPRAVITY. Ephesians 2:1 ‘dead in trespasses and sins’. (p.611,613).
Q: Does man have free will to receive Christ, and to do good? (p.610,613).
Calvinist inability to receive Christ is based on:
i) John 1:13 ‘nor of the will of man, but of God.’ (Ans: ‘as many as..’ John 1:12). (p.614).
ii) Romans 9:16 ‘not of him that willeth,but of God’(Ans: John 5:40; Romans 6:17; Luke
15:24).
iii) John 8:43,44 ‘ye cannot hear my word.’ (Ans: Luke 15:24; Luke 16:23-28). (p.615).
Refuting Calvinists’ ‘Proof Texts’ for Total Depravity
i) Someone who ‘cannot’ do something:
John 8:43 ‘ye cannot hear my word.’ (John 8:44,45,46,24). (p.615).
John 14:17 ‘the world cannot receive.’ (p.615).
Romans 8:8,7 ‘in the flesh cannot please God.’ (I Corinthians 1:21 preaching to save).
(p.615).
ii) Someone’s ‘inability’ but with a reason given for it:
John 6:44 ‘except the Father draw him.’ (Ans: John 6:45; 12:32; 1:9; 16:7-11).
(p.615,616).
John 6:65 ‘except it were given unto him of the Father.’ (p.615,616).
John 12:39-40 ‘they could not believe, … He hath hardened their heart.’
(John 12:37,39; Matthew 12:15; Acts 28:27). (p.615; 631-632).
iii) Romans 3:11 ‘none that seeketh after God’ (Ans: Acts 10:2; Isaiah 45:19; 55:6;
Psalm 10:4) p.616.
I Corinthians 2:14 ‘natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God.’
(Ans: Eph.1:13)
Two Kinds of Scriptures that Overthrow Total Depravity Inability:
i) Scriptures containing a command to believe: Acts 17:30; Isaiah 45:22; Mark 1:15;
Matthew 11:28; I John 3:23; John 7:37; Revelation 22:17; Isaiah 45:19. (p.618).
ii) Scriptures implying the possibility that a man can believe: John 5:40; I Thess. 2:16.
(p.618).
2. UNCONDITIONAL
ELECTION. (P.618-643)
Q1: Are men elected to salvation or not? (Calvinists confuse election and predestination
with salvation).
Q2: What does the Bible say about God’s decrees? (Ans: None involve salvation: Isaiah
10:1).(p.619).
Q3: What is the problem with Calvinists’ view of God’s sovereignty? (Ans: They exalt it
above His other attributes). (p.620).
Q4: Has God from eternity past foreordained all things that happen? (Ans: Herod’s
massacre).(p.620)
Q5: Does God foreordain the time of one’s death? (Ans: Isaiah 38:5; Ecclesiastes 7:17;
Psalm 55:23).
Q6: Does God foreordain sin? (Ans: Jeremiah 19:3-5). (p.621).
Q7: Why does God bring evil on people and places? (Ans: Because of their sins). (p.621).
God Has Not Foreordained Everything In One All-Encompassing Decree Because:
1) God says so: ‘neither came it into my mind’ (Jeremiah 19:5). (p.621).
2) God’s Holy nature would not allow Him to be the author of sin. (p.621).
3) God permits something when He is said to do it, eg: Satan provoking David. (p.622).
4) Man’s responsibility is destroyed if God has predestined all things. (p.622).
5) Man’s free will is destroyed if God has predestined all things. (p.622).
- See 10 examples of man’s free will in Scripture refuting God foreordaining all.
6) Prayer changed things for Moses (Deut. 9:18-29); Hezekiah (II Kings 20:1-6); Righteous
men
7) Calvinists’ Admissions that it seems ‘unscriptural, absurd, impious’. (N L Rice). (p.622).
8) Calvinists’ Rejections. (p.622).
9) Other False Philosophies are same as Calvinism, eg: Islam. (p.623).
10) Semantics, accepted word meanings, eg: ‘Whosoever’ disprove it. (p.623).
11) Contingency verses showing the possibility of an event happening disprove it, eg:
Matthew 11:21; John 5:30; I Thessalonians 2:16. (p.623). (eg: Luke
10:31; Deut. 22:6.
12) Chance disproves it. Some things happen by chance, not by foreordained decrees,
(p.623)
13) Common Sense disproves it. If all was foreordained, nobody could avoid carrying out
God’s decree.
Unconditional Election Blasphemes God’s Character in 4 Ways. (p.624).
Bible teaches Election to 6 Things. (p.625,626).
Three Systems of Calvinism: Supralapsarianism, Infralapsarianism,
Sublapsarianism.(p.628,629).
Refuting Unconditional Election to Reprobation ‘proof’ texts (Jeremiah 6:30). (p.629).
i) Proverbs 16:4 ‘The Lord hath made the wicked for the day of evil’. (Psalm 76:10).
ii) I Thessalonians 5:9 ‘God hath not appointed us to wrath …’ (p.630).
iii) I Peter 2:8 ‘stumble at the word … being disobedient … as they were appointed’.
iv) II Peter 2:12 ‘made to be taken and destroyed …in their own corruption’. (p.631).
v) II Peter 2:17 ‘mist of darkness is reserved forever’. (Jude 13). (p.631).
vi) Jude 4 ‘who were before of old ordained to this condemnation’. (p.631).
vii) Isaiah 6:9,10 ‘blinded their eyes, hardened their hearts’. (p.631).
viii) Romans 9:13 ‘Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated’. (p.632).
ix) Romans 9:18 ‘Pharaoh … whom he will he hardeneth’. (p.633).
x) Romans 9:22 ‘… the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction’. (p.633).
xi) Jeremiah 18:1-10 Potter = God; Clay = Israel; Marring of clay = Israel’s
disobedience; God remaking clay = discipline. (p.633).
Refuting Unconditional Election to Salvation ‘proof’ texts: (p.633).
1. God’s People. i) Acts 18:10 ‘I have much people in this city’. (p.634).
ii) Revelation 13:8; 17:8 Book of Life. (p.634).
iii) John 10:14-16, 26 God’s Sheep. (p.634).
2. Given to Salvation. iv) John 6:37; 6:39; 17:2; 17:6 Given to the Son. (p.634).
3. Ordained to Salvation. v) Acts 13:48 (p.635).
4. Chosen to salvation. i) Matthew 22:14 and 20:16 (p.635).
ii) John 15:16 ‘ye have not chosen me, but I have chosen you’.
iii) Acts 9:15; 22:14 ‘He is a chosen vessel …’
iv) Galatians 1:15,16 ‘God separated me from my mother’s womb’
v) I Peter 2:9 ‘Ye are a chosen generation.’ (Exodus 19:6).
vi) Psalm 65:4 ‘Blessed is the man whom thou choosest..’
vii) James 2:5 ‘Hath not God chosen the poor of this world’
viii) 2 Thess 2:13 ‘God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation’
I Peter 1:2 ‘Elect according to the foreknowledge of God’
ix) Eph. 1:4 ‘he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world’
x) 2 Tim 1:9 ‘grace…given us in Christ Jesus before the world began’
xi) Jeremiah 31:3 ‘I have loved thee with an everlasting love’

5. Elected to Salvation. (p.638).
i) Jesus is called ‘elect.’ How is Jesus Christ ‘elect’ when He never sinned? (value,
worth).
ii) Angels are called ‘elect’ in I Timothy 5:21 ‘I charge thee before …the elect angels’
(p.638).
iii) Israel is still called ‘elect’ in the New Testament: (p.638).
a) Matthew 24:22,24,31 ‘but for the elect’s sake those days shall be shortened’.
(p.639).
b) II Timothy 2:10 ‘I endure all things for the elect’s sake … may obtain salvation’.
c) Luke 18:7,8 ‘Shall not God avenge his own elect …’ (p.639).
d) Romans 9:11,12 ‘purpose of God … election …the elder shall serve the younger’.
e) Romans 11:28 ‘As touching the election, they are beloved …’ (p.639).
f) Romans 11:5,7 ‘the election of grace, … the election hath obtained it’. (p.639).
iv) Church is called ‘elect’ nine (9) times in the New Testament: (p.640).
a) I Peter 5:13 ‘The church at Babylon, elected together with you …’ (p.640).
b) I Thessalonians 1:4 ‘knowing brethren, your election of God.’ (Acts 16:9,10).
(p.640).
c) II Peter 1:10 ‘brethren, give diligence to make your calling and election sure.’
(p.640).
v) Christians are called ‘elect’ 6 times in the New Testament: (p.640).
a) Romans 8:33 ‘who shall lay anything to the charge of God’s elect?’ (p.640).
b) Colossians 3:12 ‘Put on therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved ,,,’
(p.640).
c) Titus 1:1 ‘Paul, a servant of God … according to the faith of God’s elect’. (p.640).
d) I Peter 1:2 ‘Elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father …’ (p.640).
e) II John 1 ‘The elder unto the elect lady, and her children’. (p.640).
f) II John 13 ‘The children of thy elect sister greet thee’. (p.640).
Believers are described as elect, holy, justified, beloved and having faith.
Calvinists read unconditional election into every verse discussing election. (p.641).
i) I Peter 1:2
ii) Romans 8:29,30
iii) Ephesians 1:4,5
iv) II Thessalonians 2:13
v) Acts 13:48
vi) Romans 9,10,11
What does the Bible say we are predestined to? (p.642).
i) Ephesians 1:5 ‘Son-placing’ in heaven.
ii) Ephesians 1:11,12 Praise His glory.
iii) Romans 8:29,30 Conformed to the image of Christ in heaven.
Six Bad Conclusions about Unconditional Election. (p.643).
i) Non-elect are predestined to hell.
ii) Fatalism – Nothing we do makes any difference.
iii) Shaky Assurance of Salvation based on decrees, not on Bible promises.
iv) Missions and Evangelism change no-one’s destiny.
v) Confusing, unbiblical terminology.
vi) Makes vain all preaching, holiness, comfort, zeal and Scriptures.
3. LIMITED
ATONEMENT (p.644).
Question: Did God intend to save all men, or not? (p.644). Four Point Calvinism. (p.645).
Calvinists’ 5 arguments for Lim. Atonement. (p.646).
Two Old Testament examples proving the Atonement and its Application are different.
(p.646).
i) Passover lamb’s blood was efficacious only after applied to the doorpost. (p.646).
ii) Snake-bitten Israelites in the wilderness had to look at a brass serpent on a
pole.Numbers 21:5-9
Calvinist argument 3 refuted – Christ died for Old Testament saints. (Hebrews 9:15).
(p.647).
Calvinist argument 4 refuted – Romans 5:17 says Christ’s gift must be received. (p.647).
Calvinists inconsistently define MAN, ALL MEN, ALL in:
i) Romans 5:15 ‘offence of one MANY be dead …gift hath abounded to MANY’. (p.647).
ii) Romans 5:18 ‘judgment came on ALL MEN … free gift came on ALL MEN’. (p.647).
iii) Isaiah 53:6 ‘ALL we like sheep … iniquity of us all’. (p.647).
Calvinist argument 5 refuted – John 3:18 ‘he that believeth not is condemned’. (p.647).
Christ died for ‘the WORLD’, ‘ALL MEN’, and ‘ALL’: (p.647).
I. Christ died for ‘the WORLD’, eg: John 12:19 ‘The world is gone after him.’ (p.648).
i) In John, the word ‘world’ occurs 89 times but never means ‘elect’. (p.648).
ii) John 1:29 ‘Behold the lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of world.’ (p.648).
iii) John 6:33 ‘and giveth life unto the world’. (p.648).
iv) John 3:16 ‘For God so loved the world..that whosoever believeth in him should not
perish’.
v) John 4:42 ‘This is indeed the Christ, the Saviour of the world’. (p.648).
vi) John 6:51 ‘my flesh, which I will give for the life of the world’. (p.648).
vii) In Paul’s letters, the word ‘world’ occurs 69 times, but never means ‘elect.’ (p.649).
viii)II Corinthians 5:19 ‘God … reconciling the world unto himself, … committed to us.’
(p.649)
ix) Galatians 1:4 ‘Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present
evil world’.
Key: Paul differentiates between ‘us’ believers and the ‘world’. (p.649).
x) In I John,the word ‘world’ occurs 23 times and never means ‘elect’. (p.649).
xi) I John 2:2 ‘he is the propitiation for our sins;...not for ours only, but also for the sins of
the whole world’
xii) I John 4:14 ‘The Father sent the Son to be the Saviour of the world’. (p.648-650).
xiii) I John 5:19 ‘We know that we are of God, and the whole world lieth in
wickedness’.(p.650)
Calvinist Objection: John 11:49-52. Are the ‘children of God’ the church or Israel? (p.650).
(Deuteronomy 14:1; Psalm 82:6; Isaiah 43:6; John 7:35).
II. Christ died for ALL MEN, eg: Matthew 10:22 ‘hated of all men’. (p.651).
i) Isaiah 53:6 ‘All’ means the same in both places. (p.651).
ii) II Corinthians 5:14,15 ‘elect’ are ‘us’ and ‘we’, so three ‘alls’ mean ‘all men’. (p.651).
iii) I Timothy 2:1-6 Three ‘alls’ don’t mean ‘elect’, because ‘elect’ is ‘we’. (p.651).
iv) I Timothy 4:10 ‘Saviour of all men, specially of those that believe’. (p.652).
This contrast between ‘all men’ and ‘those that believe’ occurs in four places:
- Galatians 6:10 ‘do good unto all men, especially to them who are of the household of
faith�
- Romans 3:22 ‘the righteousness of God …unto all (100%) and upon all them that
believe’.
- Titus 2:11,12 ‘the grace of God that bringeth salvation hath appeared unto all men
(100% of men), teaching us (the ‘elect’) that, denying ungodliness…’
v) Hebrews 2:9 ‘that he by the grace of God should taste death for every man’. (p.652).
III. Christ Died for a Particular Group: His People, Sheep, Church of God, Many. (p.653).
i) Many: Matthew 20:28 ‘Son of man came … to give his life a ransom for many’.
(p.653).
Matthew 26:28 ‘This is my blood … shed for many for the remission of sins’.
Hebrews 9:28 ‘Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many’.
(Ans: Romans 5:15,19. Did Adam’s fall affect all or only some of his descendants?).
ii) His People: Matthew 1:21 ‘He shall save his people from their sins’. (p.653).
(Ans: Matthew 2:6; Luke 1:68 ‘His people’ = Israel)
iii) Sheep: John 10:15 ‘I lay down my life for the sheep’. (p.653).
(Ans: Matthew 10:6; 15:24 ‘lost sheep of the house of Israel’. Sheep = Israel).
Other Groups Christ Died for that Prove Unlimited Atonement
i) Those Christ died for who will ultimately go to hell. (II Peter 2:1). (p.654).
ii) Those Christ died for that describe everybody, all mankind: (p.654).
- Luke 19:10 ‘Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost.’
Are all lost or only the elect lost?
- Romans 5:6 ‘Christ died for the ungodly’. Are all ungodly, or only elect ungodly?
- Galatians 4:5 ‘To redeem them that were under the law’. Are all under the law?
- I Timothy 1:15 ‘Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners’. Are all sinners?
- I Peter 3:18 ‘Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust’. Are all
unjust?
iii) Christ died for His friends. ‘that a man lay down his life for his friends’. (John 15:13).
(Ans: Judas was one of Christ’s friends: Matthew 26:50). (p.654).
iv) Christ died for ‘whosoever believeth’ may claim Christ’s atonement. (p.654).
- Acts 10:43 ‘whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins’.
- Romans 10:11 ‘whosoever believeth in him shall not be ashamed’.
- Romans 10:13 ‘whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved’.
- I John 5:1 ‘whosoever believeth that Jesus is the Christ is born of God’.
- Revelation 22:17 ‘whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely’.
4. IRRESISTABLE
GRACE (p.656).
I. Scriptures Refuting: Acts 7:51; Genesis 6:3; John 16:8; 5:40; 3:19; Romans 1:24;
Matt.23:37;13:15
II. Results of IG: Hopelessness; Wrong Conclusions; General & Effectual Call; Makes God a
liar.657.
III.Verses Calvinists use to support IG: John 1:13; Matthew 20:16; 22:14; Acts 13:48. (p.658).
5. PERSEVERANCE
OF THE
SAINTS. Arminianism; Lordship Salvation; 4 Definitions; Romans 9.
(p.660)�

QUESTIONS TO
ASK
CALVINISTS
Q1: How many of the 5 points of Calvinism do you believe?
Q2: Does man have free will to receive or reject Christ as Saviour? (Revelation 22:17).
(p.613).
Q3: If man has no free will, and the non-elect cannot believe, how can non-elect people
be held responsible for what they cannot do? (p.614).
Q4: Why do men not seek God? Is it Total Depravity? No, it is pride. (Psalm 10:4).
(p.617; Q5).
Q5: Is a man responsible for what he is unable to do? Yes and No. It depends on why he
is unable.618,Q8
Q6: Would God offer salvation to men, knowing that they couldn’t receive it? Are God’s
offers genuine? (Isaiah 45:19). (p.618; Q10).
Q7: Are some men elected to salvation or are they not? (p.619; Q1).
(Ans: No. Calvinists confuse election and predestination with salvation).
Q8: Does God foreordain sin, suffering, the Fall, and all things? No. (p.619;Q2).
Q9: Show me where God decrees some people’s election or predestination to salvation
or hell in the Bible? (Ans: There is no such eternal decree of God in Scripture. Isaiah
10:1). (p.619-620;Q3).
Q10: If predestination is a secret decree of God, how come Calvinists know so much
about it? Deut29:29
Q11: What is wrong with Calvinists’ view of God’s sovereignty? (p.620;Q5).
(Ans: It means arbitrariness, and is exalted above His holiness, mercy and other
attributes).(Q10
Q12: Did God eternally decree for Herod to massacre children under 2 years of age?
Sodomy? Rape?
Q13: Why does God bring evil on people or places? (Jeremiah 19:3-5). (p.621;Q14).
(Ans: Because of their sins, not by any arbitrary decree).
Q14: How could God decree and foreordain sin if it never came into His mind? (Jer
19:5).(p.621;Q15)
Q15: Do you know 13 reasons why God has not foreordained all things? (p.621-623).
Q16: Do you know 8 reasons why man has free will? (p.622;Q17).
Q17: Does anything happen by chance? Jesus & Moses say so. (Luke 10:31; Deut
22:6)(p.623;Q19).
(Response to Calvinist accusing you of being Arminian or Pelagian: You: “I believe
some things that Arminius, Pelagius and Calvin believed. I reject some things that
they believed.”)
Q18: What are 4 bad effects of Unconditional Election? (p.624).
Q19: Is God just in electing some and passing by the rest? No. (p.629;Q25).
(Ans: The Calvinist god is like the priest and levite who ‘passed by’ the half-dead
man. (Luke 10:30-32). Did Jesus recommend their behaviour? No. Then neither
does God behave this way. Jesus commands us to ‘Go and do thou likewise’. (Luke
10:37), as the Good Samaritan did. Does Jesus practise what He preaches? Surely.
Q20: Has God made two groups of men as elect and non-elect? (p.633).
(Ans: No, because ‘he fashioneth their hearts alike’. Psalm 33:13-15).
Q21: When are people put ‘in Christ’, from eternity past or when saved? (Romans 16:7).
(p.636).
Q22: Can the ‘elect’ be ‘dead in sin’ and yet be ‘in Christ’ at the same time?
Q23: Have the ‘elect’ ever been in danger of going to hell? (Calv.say No) p637,8.Q38. (I
Peter 2:6. p.638.
Q24: What does it mean to say Jesus Christ was ‘elect’ in Isaiah 42:1? Might this apply to
Christians?
Q25: Is Israel still called ‘elect’ in NT? Yes. (p.638-640).
Q26: Why would Paul endure stonings, beatings, shipwreck for the ‘elect’ if they were sure
to be saved? (II Timothy 2:10). Do you? (p.639).
Q27: In II Peter 1:10 what is the significance of calling coming before election? ‘Make your
calling and election sure’. (It destroys Calvinism, as Calvinists think that election
comes before calling). (p.640)
Q28: In II Peter 1:10, how could man make sure what God has already made sure?
(Ans: Calling and election relate to service). (p.640).
Q29: What is the true meaning of NT election from I Peter 2:9; Exodus 19:6;
Deuteronomy 14:2? (Ans: NT election is of the church as a body. As the nation of
Israel was corporately elected as a body, so also was the church corporately elected
as a body.) (p.641).
Q30: Is your pay packet predestined? (If yes, why go to work?)
Are souls predestined to heaven? (If yes, why don’t you work to win them?)
Q31: Show me one NT verse teaching that some are predestined to heaven? (Ephesians
1:5 adoption of children = son placing in heaven). See Romans 8:23. (p.642).
Q32: Do dead babies go to heaven or hell? (p.643; Q47).
Q33: Do you want all people to be saved? (Yes). Does the devil want all people to be
saved? (No)
Does God want all people to be saved? (Calvinists say No). Are you more merciful
&loving than God?
Q34: What two OT examples refute Limited Atonement by showing that the Atonement
and its Application are to be distinguished? (Passover lamb, and brass serpent on a
pole). (p.646).
Q35: Do the first ‘many’, ‘all men’ and ‘all’ mean the same as the last ‘many’, ‘all men’
and ‘all’ in Romans 5:15; 5:18; Isaiah 53:6? (p.647).
(p.652.
Q36: Which 4 verses contrast ‘all men’ with ‘elect’? (II Tim. 4:10; Gal. 6:10; Romans 3:22;
Titus 2:11,12)
Q37: What 4 groups did Christ die for, that prove unlimited atonement?
(Ans: Those who will go to hell, everybody, Jesus’ friends, and whosoever
believeth).
Q38: How does a Calvinist know if he is saved or not? (By Perseverance or Promises).
(p.655;Q14).�